Prepared by: Festim Rizanaj
During 2025, the main topics of misinformation changed by month. At the beginning of the year, in January and February, misinformation content focused mainly on the parliamentary elections, including fake news, disinformation and poll manipulation. March-July marked the period where misinformation was mainly related to the formation of the Government, including false statements, manipulation of facts and fabricated news about political coalitions. Then, from August to November, the main topics focused on local elections, with the distribution of fake news, clickbait, fabricated polls and manipulated content, especially on social media.
Parliamentary elections
Tall January 2025, misinformation was mainly related to the parliamentary elections in Kosovo, accounting for 48% of cases, and was distributed mainly on social media (39%) and traditional media (9%). Disinformation dominated with 18%, while fake news with 16%. The claims included pro-KLA and Hashim Thaçi chants mistakenly linked to the Vetëvendosje Movement, false claims about Kurti’s campaign in North Mitrovica, as well as manipulated poll results. In addition, fake news was distributed about well-known figures such as Rifat Jashari, Shefqet Krasniqi, and Donald Trump, falsely attributing support to Kurti.
in February 2025, election topics continued to dominate 43% of misinformation content from the political sphere. Fake news and disinformation included false claims about Fatmir Limaj, American generals, old photos used as current news, manipulated videos about Trump and Elon Musk, as well as claims about false election results and imaginary political meetings.
(Non)Formation of the Government
Tall March 2025, misinformation regarding the formation of the Government was published mainly on social media and included disinformation and fake news. Among the main cases was the claim that Marigona Geci had said that the LDK would vote for Kurti's government, as well as false claims about Lumir Abdixhiku's statements about leadership positions.
in April 2025, misinformation continued as fact manipulation, fake news, and clickbait, spreading inaccurate claims about the inclusion of the Serbian List in the coalition, statements by Sergei Lavrov, as well as fabricated news about a coalition between Vetëvendosje and NISMA.
Tall May 2025, all content handled by hibrid.info is related to politics and was published on social media, including fake news and manipulation of facts. The most prominent cases included false claims about Milan Radoićić for coordinating with the opposition and manipulation of Abdixhiku's statement regarding co-government with PDK.
in July 2025, misinformation about the constitution of the Assembly was published mainly on social media and online, taking various forms such as clickbait, fact manipulation, fake news and unverified content. The cases included misinterpretations of Hekuran Murati's statements, false claims about Fatmir Limaj's demands and errors in reporting the Osmani-Kurti reports.
Local elections
Tall August 2025, misinformation about local elections included clickbait, unproven claims about a burned car, and double-barreled misinformation about statements by politicians from the Serbian List. This content was intended to attract clicks and create an inaccurate perception of local security and political activities.
in September 2025, political misinformation (43%) was published mainly on social media (37%) and online (6%). Frequent categories included fake news, manipulation of facts and disinformation. Key cases included unreliable polls for candidates in the municipalities of Ferizaj, Lipjan, Gjakova, Podujeva, Deçan, Kaçanik and Viti, as well as false statements against public figures such as Alban Hyseni, Agim Veliu and Bulliqi.
Tall October 2025, misinformation content about local elections accounted for 66% of cases, mainly fake news, fabricated polls, biased reporting and manipulation of facts. Publication was carried out mainly on social media (47.37%) and traditional media (18.42%). For the topics of northern Kosovo, Kurti-Serbia and the dismissal of the Speaker of the Assembly, the content was distributed in similar percentages between social and traditional media.
Tall November 2025, misinformation about local elections (37%) was distributed exclusively on social media and included fake news (27%), disinformation (7%), and manipulation of facts (3%). The content included images and videos of mayoral candidates, alleged results of polls and exit polls, as well as fabricated statements of support or electoral preferences that did not correspond to reality.
The December 28 election
During December 2025, misinformation related to the December 28 elections included fake content, unreliable polls, and videos manipulated using artificial intelligence. This content was distributed primarily on social media, aiming to influence public perception and create an inaccurate image of the electoral process and candidates.